Soheila Sedaghat; Abbas Ebadi; Shahnaz Rostami; Malek Fereidooni-Moghadam
Volume 21, Issue 1 , 2019, Pages 1-11
Abstract
Background: Open-heart surgery is a stressful, life-threatening experience inducing fear and anxiety in many patients and theirfamilies.Objectives: The present study was conducted to design an inventory assessing the stressors in open-heart surgery patients andevaluate its psychometric properties.Methods: ...
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Background: Open-heart surgery is a stressful, life-threatening experience inducing fear and anxiety in many patients and theirfamilies.Objectives: The present study was conducted to design an inventory assessing the stressors in open-heart surgery patients andevaluate its psychometric properties.Methods: This study was accomplished in two phases. The first phase involved a qualitative study during which in-depth interviewswere carried out with 21 therapists and patients with a history of heart surgery. In addition, the primary items of the inventory wereextracted by reviewing the literature and available questionnaires through a qualitative approach. In the second phase, the face,content, and construct validities of the inventory were investigated using the exploratory factor analysis with 360 participants. Inaddition, the reliability of the developed instrument was examined using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).Results: Based on the findings obtained in the first phase, a pool of items was prepared. The findings of the exploratory factoranalysis revealed a five-factor structure that explained 50.45% of the structural variance with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.921 (P< 0.001). The first (12 items), second (13 items), third (seven items), fourth (eight items), and fifth (10 items) factors were namedas “stressors in the intensive care unit”, “stressors related to the fear of uncertain future”, “internal stressors”, “stressors related totreatment team and facilities”, and “preoperative stressors”, respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the final version of theinventory, entailing 50 items, was obtained as 0.87. In addition, the ICC between the test and retest scores was estimated at 0.94.Conclusions: Given the fact that the meaning, concept, and factors associated with any phenomenon are influenced by sociocultural context and they vary from country to country, it is necessary to use a questionnaire designed based on the experiences andconcepts expressed by the individuals living in the same context. According to the findings, the developed 50-item Cardiac SurgeryStressor Inventory is a simple, valid, and reliable tool for the measurement of stressors in open-heart surgery patients.
Somayyeh Khazaeian; Nourossadat Kariman; Abbas Ebadi; Malihe Nasiri
Volume 20, Issue 11 , 2018, Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background: Minority groups such as female heads of households are more vulnerable in terms of mental health than other groups due to accepting multiple responsibilities. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between predictive factors of mental health and its relation to the health-promoting ...
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Background: Minority groups such as female heads of households are more vulnerable in terms of mental health than other groups due to accepting multiple responsibilities. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between predictive factors of mental health and its relation to the health-promoting lifestyle in female heads of households in Zahedan, Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 420 female heads of households from four regions of the north, south, east, and west of Zahedan selected using purposive sampling. The research tool included a demographic information form, a standard health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP-II), and a standard general health questionnaire (GHQ-28). Data analysis was performed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient, Chi-Square, and logistic regression tests. Results: Based on the results of the present study, a high percentage of the sample (72.4%) had mental health disorders. The most and the least impact on the prediction of health status were related to spiritual growth (OR = 0.196, CI = 0.106 - 0.360) and physical activity (OR = 0.757, CI = 0.384 - 1.491). Except for physical activity, all subscales of the health-promoting lifestyle were able to predict the mental health status (P < 0.01), but in the presence of economic and social factors, they could not predict the mental health status (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Since mental health in female heads of households is influenced by a complex system other than health-promotingbehaviors, empowering both women and community to cope with these problems and move toward health promotion seems es- sential. Moreover, the results of the current study might be used by authorities in evidence-based decision making to reduce health inequalities.
Hossein Salmannezhad; Morteza Mojahedi; Abbas Ebadi; Seyyed Ali Mozaffarpur; Abbas Alipoor; Roshanak Saghebi; Ali Montazeri
Volume 20, Issue 11 , 2018, Pages 1-9
Abstract
Background: Paying attention to individual differences in presenting health directives is the most important properties of Persian Medicine (PM). Accordingly, individuals in each society are divided into nine Mizaj groups. Access to the standard diagnostic scale is one of the research priorities of PM. ...
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Background: Paying attention to individual differences in presenting health directives is the most important properties of Persian Medicine (PM). Accordingly, individuals in each society are divided into nine Mizaj groups. Access to the standard diagnostic scale is one of the research priorities of PM. Objectives: The present study aimed at designing a preliminary self-administered Mizaj questionnaire, and assessed its reliability and validity. Materials and methods: For this exploratory sequential study, Mizaj identification indices were extracted using PM references, andpeople and PM experts’ interviews. The preliminary questionnaire was designed and the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were evaluated using weighted Kappa statistics (> 0.4), ICC and ROC curve, and determining the sensitivity and specificity of cut-off points. Results: Overall, 15 PM experts, and 221 volunteers participated in various stages of this study. Among 119 designed questions for 30 Mizaj identification indices, 60 items had acceptable reliability. The final questionnaire containing 20 items was extracted after the validity assessment. The sensitivity and specificity of this questionnaire at the specified cut-off points were 71% and 68% for warmness, 63% and 71% for temperance in warmness-coldness, 80% and 57% for coldness, 74% and 58% for wetness, 71% and 69% fortemperance in wetness-dryness, and 78% and 85% for dryness, respectively. Conclusions: This is the first standard Mizaj identification questionnaire, which includes more dimensions of Mizaj identification and can be used for individuals aged 20 to 60 years old. This questionnaire is recommended for Mizaj identification researches and as a supplementary diagnostic scale for clinical activities of Persian Medicine practitioners.
Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh; Kourosh Sayehmiri; Abbas Ebadi; Asghar Dalvandi; Sahar Dalvand; Sadat Seyed Bagher Maddah; Kian Norouzi Tabrizi
Volume 19, Issue 6 , June 2017, , Pages 1-9
Abstract
Context: Considering the stressful conditions of life and social difficulties, an important question is why are some people can show positive adaptation and avoid mental health disorders, while others cannot? The present study aimed at reviewing the national studies on the correlation between resilience ...
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Context: Considering the stressful conditions of life and social difficulties, an important question is why are some people can show positive adaptation and avoid mental health disorders, while others cannot? The present study aimed at reviewing the national studies on the correlation between resilience and mental health.Evidence Acquisition: In this systematic review, all national articles published in international and national databases weresearched without restrictions, using the following keywords: “Resilience OR Resiliency” AND “Mental health” OR “General Health” and their combinations. The Persian equivalents of these words were also used in Persian language sites. Finally, based on PRISMA guidelines, 15 studies were selected. The results of these studies were combined using the random effects model of meta-analysis.Results: In the present research, 16 correlation studies were examined without time limits, and with a sample size of 3157. Overall, a positive correlation was found between resilience and mental health in the national studies (r = 0.48). The results showed that the correlation between resilience and mental health was lower in the population of school and university students than among other populations (r = 0.39, compared to r = 0.54). The analysis based on geographical division indicated that the highest correlation between resilience and mental health existed in the fifth area (r = 0.83), and the lowest correlation was found in the fourth area (r = 0.35).Conclusions: By providing cognitive, behavioral and emotional responses in stressful situations, resilience can maintain and improve mental health.
Moluk Pouralizadeh; Hamid Reza Khankeh; Asghar Dalvandi; Abbas Ebadi
Volume 19, Issue 6 , June 2017, , Pages 1-9
Abstract
Background: Identification of the influencing factors of nursing students’ clinical judgment (CJ) facilitates the achievement of this important educational outcome. However, no tool is so far designed to assess it in the field of clinical education in Iran.Objectives: The current study aimed at ...
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Background: Identification of the influencing factors of nursing students’ clinical judgment (CJ) facilitates the achievement of this important educational outcome. However, no tool is so far designed to assess it in the field of clinical education in Iran.Objectives: The current study aimed at designing sequential exploratory mixed method in 3 phases.Methods: It was a mixed method study. The 1st phase included reviewing literature, analyzing the relevant studies in Iran, and a qualitative content analysis. In the 2nd phase, validity and reliability of the tool were investigated.Results: In the study, after assessing the face, content, and construct validity, 4 factors and 38 items obtained. Content validity ratio (CVR) ranged from 0.45 to 1.00 and content validity index (CVI) ranged from 0.6 to 1.00. Internal consistency of the total scale was good with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient 0.92, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.95 that indicated good stability. In the construct validity by exploratory factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index was higher than 0.90 and also the Bartlett test of sphericity was significant (P value < 0.001). Concerning the cumulative percent of the variance, the 4 factors determined 44.8% of the total variance.Conclusions: The developed questionnaire in the current study was a suitable tool to assess the factors influencing the CJ of undergraduate nursing students.
Moluk Pouralizadeh; Hamid Reza Khankeh; Abbas Ebadi; Asghar Dalvandi
Volume 19, Issue 5 , May 2017, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: Clinical judgment (CJ) is a complex process and is one of the most important concepts in the domain of education of the nursing students. Despite the special importance of its concept in nursing, this term still has not created an equal perception in the minds of many experts in the nursing ...
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Background: Clinical judgment (CJ) is a complex process and is one of the most important concepts in the domain of education of the nursing students. Despite the special importance of its concept in nursing, this term still has not created an equal perception in the minds of many experts in the nursing education and no study has been done in order to define and explain this concept by concept analysis of the “CJ” in the educational domain.Objectives: The current study was done with the purpose of determining dimensions and features of this concept in the domain of clinical education of nursing students in Iran.Methods: The design of this study is qualitative with concept analysis method and hybrid model approach. It was done in three phases that were described by Walker and Avant. In the theoretical stage, reviews on the related and valid articles were accomplished. The articles were assessed and analyzed in order to present the working definition. In the stage of field work, the interview was done with 17 participants including 7 nursing students, 6 teachers, and 4 clinical instructors. In the final stage, the general analysis was done and the antecedents, attributes, and the consequences of the concept were extracted.Results: According to the final analysis, CJ for the nursing students is a cognitive and reasoning process, in order to achieve which, the nursing students by guidance of teachers in a secure clinical environment, assess the patients’ needs, interpret, and evaluate the patients’ response to the clinical practice and then reflect and perform the critical evaluation of the patients’ conditions. In the meanwhile, making effective clinical decisions, increasing the trust of patient and quality of care, the necessary conditions for the promotion of their professional competence will be provided.Conclusions: In the concept analysis of CJ, some of the needed conditions for CJ in the nursing students have not been reported in the studies.
Naser Havaei; Akram Azad; Mehdi Alizadeh Zarei; Abbas Ebadi
Volume 19, Issue 3 , March 2017, , Pages 1-9
Abstract
Background: Handwriting difficulties are one of the most common reasons for referral to school-based occupational therapy. Assessing handwriting performance using standardized tools is necessary for scientific research and clinical assessment.Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop and ...
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Background: Handwriting difficulties are one of the most common reasons for referral to school-based occupational therapy. Assessing handwriting performance using standardized tools is necessary for scientific research and clinical assessment.Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Persian handwriting assessment tool to evaluate legibility and speed in near-point copying and dictation domains in primary school-aged children.Methods: This methodological study was conducted in Tehran, Iran during 2015 - 2016. Measurement items were selected by reviewing the past literature and considering the opinions of an expert panel. The scale development, the analysis of content validity, and item analysis were performed in phase one using the data from 131 students in grades two and three. Exploratory factor analysis and discriminant validity were analyzed in phase two using the data from 208 subjects. Sampling was conducted using the random cluster method. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on a randomly split sample of half of the data.Results: The content validity ratio of most of the criteria was greater than 0.57. Item analysis confirmed the writing assignments in the copying and dictation domains. Principal component analysis revealed that measurements in the copying and dictation domains loaded into three components separately, which accounted for 71.96% of the variance in the copying domain and 70.46% of the variance in the dictation domain. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the accuracy of the three-dimensional structure designated through exploratory factor analysis. Discriminant validity showed that handwriting speed and legibility increased with maturation.Conclusions: The Persian handwriting assessment tool as a comprehensive and quickly scored tool that can help therapists identify primary school students with handwriting problems so that appropriate interventions for these students can be implemented.
